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 Book MUHAMMAD -UR- RASOOL ULLAH 1   

(First Twelve Years)

When Hazrat Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him) was born, his father, Hazrat Abdullah had died. Just after a few years of his marriage, Hazrat Abdullah went to Syria along with a trading Caravan. On his way back, he fell ill in Medina and died in his prime. Two months after the death of Hazrat Abdullah, Hazrat Mohammed, the final prophet of God, was born on Wednesday, in August 20, 570 AD (12th Rabi-ul-Awal according to the Islamic Calendar). However, some scholars pointed out April 22,571 AD( 9th Rabi-ul-Awal) to be the actual date of birth of the Prophet.

Hazrat Mohammed's mother, Hazrat Aamina, sent the new of her son's birth to her father-in-lay, Hazrat Abdul Mutilib who was busy in circumambulating the Holy Ka'aba. Hazrat Abdul Mutilib returned home, took Mohammed to the Holy Ka'aba & prayed to Allah for the safety of Mohammed. Abdul Mutilinb named the newly born child "MOHAMMED". When Hazrat Mohammed cam into this world, the desert of Arabia became revitalized, trees bent down with fruit and the whole Mecca became vibrant with new life. The incident of Ashab-ulFeel (The companion of elephant) took place the same year when Ibrah & his 6000 army with 30 elephants were destroyed as a result of stoning by swallows.

An earthquake, which shook fourteen parapets of the palace of Emperor of Iran, Chosroes, collapsed & his entire glory started fading away, accompanied the birth of Hazrat Mohammed. 

Hazrat Muhammed was brought up by his mother for the first three days of his birth & then was taken over by Hazrat Sobia. Two years earlier, Hazrat Sobia had also nourished Hazrat Hamza, the uncle of Hazrat Mohammed.

It was a custom among the Arabs to send their children to a village for their up-bringing. The village women of Mecca during different periods of the year would come to Mecca to take the infants for their up-bringing in their desert homes. The women of the tribe of Banu Saad Bin Bakar adopted other children and Haleema Embraced Hazrat Mohammed.

Hazrat Mohammed spent first four years of his life with Banu Saad nourished by his nurse Haleema. Hazrat Mohammed went back to his mother when the suckling period was over.

When Hazrat Mohammed was six years old, his mother, Hazrat Aamina, went to visit her husband's tomb in Medina. During this visit, Uma-e-Amin was with her. She lived for one month in Medina where her health started deteriorating. She died on the way back to Mecca at the place called "Abva". Uma-e-Amin took Hazrat Mohammed back to Mecca and handed him over to his grand father Hazrat Abdul Mutilib. His grandfather also died within a span of two years. Before his death, his grandfather had put his orphan grandson under the custody of Abu Talib. And Hazrat Mohammed started his new life under the supervision of his uncle, Abu Talib, who belonged to a middle class family.

At the age of eight , when ordinary children pursued various games, Hazrat Mohammed looked after goats and grazed them in the jungle. He would content himself with berries for his lunch. To carry out domestic chores and to lead the camels about was his usual custom. Hazrat Mohammed did all this to share responsibilities with his uncle. Abu Talib & his wife did not differentiate between Hazrat Mohammed & their own children. Both husband & wife undertook his up-bringing, as real parents would do, yet there cannot be a replacement for real parents. At the age of just eight, Hazrat Mohammed would go to the desert in morning and remained there until dusk. There he watched the horizon & infinite sky with deep concentration and came back with his cattle before the sunset.  A child, who is bereft of the blessings of his parents and is given to working hard when his peers are at play, is bound to be independent and self-reliant. The child who had been deprived of father & mother did hard work in his infancy. He was surely to become independent.

The uncle of Hazrat Mohammed, Abu Talib was trader. He took Hazrat Mohammed to Syria at the age of 12. The caravan stayed near "Basra", a city of Syria. A monk named Buhera lived in a church where the caravan camped. In Syrian language Buhera meant noble & intellectual. Buhera never stepped out of the church till that day, nor did he talk to any traveler. When the trading caravan of the Arabs camped near the church, Buhera saw that the branches of tree surprisely bowed with honor. Buhera also saw a piece of cloud covering a 12 years old boy in the Arab caravan. He believed the boy was the last prophed of Allah & advised his grandfather to take serious care of his nephew. Abu Talib asked him how he believed that Mohammed was the child mentioned in the Holy books, Buhera replied that when the caravan appeared in the valley there was hardly any tree or stone which did not bow in respect of the boy.

(True and Trustee)

The people of Mecca would earn their livings either through trading or by rearing animals.

Hazrat Mohammed chose to do trading. Qais Bin Zaid, a trader would hand over his merchandise to Hazrat Mohammed to take them to other cities for selling. There was never a dispute in settling accounts. When Hazrat Mohammed went on trading tours, every trader of Mecca wished to make him his agent. Hazrat Khateeja (God pleased with her), a well-known female trader sent a message to Hazrat Mohammad asking him to join her trading caravan. Hazrat Mohammed accepted her offer after consulting with his uncle. Hazrat Khateeja's husband had died. Many rich and tribesmen of Quresh were desirous of marrying with Hazrat Khateeja due to her virtuous character, great respect and excellent behavior. But Hazrat Khateeja was much impressed by the extra ordinary qualities of Hazrat Mohammed. She sent a proposal of marriage to Hazrat Mohammed through her friend, Nafeesa Bin Munba. Banu Hashim and other dignitaries of Mecca attended the marriage ceremony. Hazrat Mohammed paid 500 derhams to Hazrat Khateeja as alimony. It is also narrated that 20 camels were given as alimony to Hazrat Khateeja. 

In 605 AD, when Hazrat Mohammed was 35 years old, two sad incidents took place in Mecca. Firstly, the Ka'aba caught fire and secondly, the flood in Ka'aba swept away some parts of it. The flood caused heavy losses to the structure of Ka'aba. About ten tribes of Quresh decided to raise money through donations to repair the Ka'aba. A Roman mason, who had been assigned the repair work of Ka'aba, suggested that Ka'aba should be reconstructed afresh. After serious consultations, the chieftains of Quresh agreed to his suggestion. Thus the Roman mason started reconstruction. every tribe enthusiastically took part in the process yet they disagreed as to who will fix the "Black Stone" of Ka'aba. Every tribe wanted that they should be blessed with this honor. Hazrat Mohammed solved this dispute amicably. He took a sheet of cloth & put the black stone on it. All the chiefs were asked to carry the sheet on the place of Ka'aba. Hazrat Mohammed himself participated in this activity. The stone was fixed on the wall of Ka'aba with mutual co-operation of all, of course, due to the timely wisdom of Hazrat Mohammad.

 

(The Savior of Human Beings Descends from the Hira)

 

By the age of 40 Hazrat Mohammed tended to lead a solitary life. It was his habit to go to the cave of Hira and meditate on the vast cosmos created by ALLAH. He would ponder over the facts working behind the various phenomenon of nature. It was the same cave where his grandfather used to spend a month every year.

One night, Jibril came in the cave & asked Hazrat Mohammed to: 

"READ"

Hazrat Mohammed replied " Iam not literate."

Jibril embraced Hazrat Mohammed and said,  "READ"

Hazrat Mohammed reiterated his previous words. Jibril hugged Hazrat Mohammed again and said,     "READ". He again replied, "I am no literate." The third time Jibril took Hazrat Mohammed within his arms and said, 

"Read in the name of thy Lord who created Man, out of a leech-like clot: Proclaim ! And thy Lord is most Bountiful He who taught the use of pen Taught man what he knew not     (Al-Alaq).

After this incident Hazrat Mohammed came back home. His face was pale. He was upset & looked feeble. He was walking along the wall. Hazrat Khateeja supported Hazrat Mohammed and asked the reason of his weakness. Hazrat Mohammed replied, "Put a blanket on me, put a blanket on me". She did so. As Hazrat Mohammed recovered, he narrated the whole story but was terrified. Hazrat Khateeja comforted him & said, "The Lord will not embarrass you. You are pitiful and sympathetic to others". You are hospitable. "Hazrat Khateeja took Hazrat Mohammed to her cousin Warqa Bin Nofeel. Hazrat Mohammed narrated the whole incident, which happened to him in the cave of Hira. Werqa Bin Nofeel told that such holy verses were , undoubtedly,  "Honorable" and had already descended on Hazrat Mosses. The word "honor" stands for laws, which were fixed for all human beings. Werqa Bin Nofeel addressed Mohammed and said " people would become your enemy due to these holy verses, which you brought from Allah. I wish, I live long enough to support you against your enemies." 

Hazrat Mohammed continued going to the cave of Hira in the night for three years to meditate on the existence of God Almighty. Some times voice of Jibril was heard saying, "You, Mohammed! Are the messenger of God and I am Jibril the angel of Allah. Jibril told nothing except this. One night Jibril came in the cave Hira & recited the Surah "Al-Dhuha." IN Arabic Dhuha means " By the glorious morning light." This is the second verse of this Surah. Like the first verse, it has also vast meanings. It says, "By the night when it is still and the whole universe is dipped in darkness. And the silence is spread over the world whenever a slow voice is heard clearly though it comes from far away. In the third verse of this Surah, God addressed Mohammed and commanded him to be composed". In this verse, He cleared a worry in the mind of Mohammed " The Guardian- Lord hath not forsaken thee, nor is he displeased."

The first person who had faith in Mohammed was his wife Hazrat Khateeja followed by his cousin, Ali Ibn-a-Talib who was brought up by Hazrat Mohammed likes his real child. The third person who trusted Holy Mohammed was his slave Hazrat Zaid. Hazrat Mohammed freed his slave but he refused to go to his parents and claimed that he loved Hazrat Mohammed more than he did his real parents.

Except Hazrat Khateeja, Hazrat Ali & Hazrat Zaid, no one else was ready to belive Mohammed. For about three years from 610 Ad to 613 Ad, the  strength of Muslims remained three. After that Hazrat Abu Bakar also accepted Islam and thus the number increased to four.

(Invitation for Truth)

After the revelation of the Verses of Surah'ah "AL- SHURRAH" (No 214), "Invite thy nearest kinsmen to embrace Islam"  (AL-Hajir 214), Hazrat Mohammed invited his uncles and their family members to a feast and conveyed the message of truth. Abu Lahib heard this and said, "Your family cannot afford to go against the whole Arab. It would be better for you to carry on your family honor. But if you remained firm & Constant in your stance, it would be easier for the Quresh to turn against you and all Arabs would help them. And I wil surely take the lead". Hearing this Hazrat Mohammed kept silent and did not mention anything.

After some time Hazrat Mohammed again got them together and after offering praise to GOD, announced his Prophet hood. But his family members did not listen to anything and dismissed all his sayings. After carrying out the divine order to preach Islam to his family members, the following verse descended:      "So expound openly what thou art commanded, and turn away from those who join false gods with ALLAH" In compliance of the above orders, Hazrat Mohammed invited the citizen of Mecca to gather convey a message to them. All the people including Hazrat Mohammed's kinsmen gathered there. Hazrat Mohammed stood on the top of the mountain & addressed to them, " O, People of Mecca! Would you accept what I say to you" All of them replied in the same voice, " We trust your words because we know you are a true man and you have never told a lie" Hazrat Mohammed said to them " Allah has selected me as his messenger and I am commissioned by the GOD to urge you to accept the commands of Allah and worship Him. And if you disobey the commands of Allah, then Allah would be wrathful". When Hazrat Mohammed completed his address, Abu Lahib shouted, " O, Mohammed ! Have you called us just for this? How did you think that we have time for these trifling". Then Abu Lahib addressed the people, "Don't listen to his sayings and go back to your homes. Hazrat Mohammed is not in his senses." People dispersed and went back to their homes. Only Hazrat Ali and Hazrat Zaid remained with Hazrat Mohammed. The kinsmen of Hazrat Mohammed started fighting against Hazrat Mohammed.  They taunted and jeered at him. When the Quresh, especially Abu Lahib & his wife Uma-e-Jameel, saw that their remarks were not having any affect on Hazrat Mohammed, they started creating troubles for the messenger of Islam. Though Abu Lahib & his wife belonged to a respectable family of Mecca, they were morally too mean. They threw stones, which caused breakage to windows of the house of the Last Prophet of God. Not only this, they hired the street boys who pelted Hazrat Mohammed with stones, put the dead body of animals and their filth on Hazrat Mohammed.

Abu Lahib & Uma-e-Jameel urged the street boys & rascals to pelt Hazrat Mohammed with stones. This caused much bleeding to the head & face of Hazrat Mohammed. And when he reached home, Hazrat Khateeja saw this and painfully said," O, Mohammed! Today you have undergone a terrible sufferings" Hazrat Mohammed replied, " O, Khateeja! Listen, When a person sincerely believes in his mission, such problems have no significance". The wife of Abu Lahib put sharp thorns in Mohammed's way in order to prick him. This caused much bleeding to his feet. The kinsmen of Hazrat Mohammed caused so much hardships for him that one day he became really fed up and said to God," O, Allah! you know it better, no one is ready to recognize you." On this occasion, Allah consoled Hazrat Mohammed, "So tell them openly what thou art Commanded, and turn Away from those who join false Gods with Allah. For sufficient we are unto thee against those who scoff. Those who adopt, with Allah, another God: but soon will they come to know. We do indeed know how thy heart is distressed at what they say. But celebrate the praises of thy Lord and be amongst those who prostrate themselves in adoration. And serve thy Lord until there come unto the hour that is certain". ( Al-Hijr 94). When Abu Lahib saw that Hazrat Mohammed did not stop his preaching, he resorted to obnoxious tactics. The daughters of Hazrat Mohammed, Hazrat Ruqeeia and Hazrat Uma-e-Kalsoom were married to the sons of Abu Lahib. They divorced them both in order to upset the messenger of Allah. Abu Lahib maintained that it was not honorable for his sons to have daughters of Hazrat Mohammed as their wives, as Mohammed was then the object of severe hatred & contempt of all Arabs. Hazrat Khateeja was much distressed due to this incident, but Hazrat Mohammed advised her to be patient. Being a father, Hazrat Mohammed was too much upset due to the divorce of his daughters. But he always remained firm and undaunted, and continued the preaching of Islam. Abu Lahib's kinsmen and the chieftains of Quresh never left any opportunity to cause the Prophet harm. At one stage they planned to kill him. The reason, of course, was that messenger of Islam had started preaching Islam openly. He said to his kinsmen and the chieftains of Quresh. " Don't worship those gods which you made with your own hands. Worship that Lord who is eternal, absolute and the owner of the whole universe". The kinsmen of Hazrat Mohammed and the people of Quresh asked why Mohammed wanted them to leave the worship of those gods, which have been worshipped since the time of their forefathers. Hazrat Mohammed replied, "Yes! Give up the worship of those self-prepared gods. Worship one Allah who is the only and absolute". The Quresh became extremely annoyed when they heard this and they decided to take decisive action against Hazrat Mohammed. During the daytime, Hazrat Mohammed used to go to the Holy Ka'aba and remained busy in worshipping Allah. The Quresh banned the entry of Mohammed in the Holy Ka'aba.

(The Sun in One Hand the Moon in the Other)

The infidels of Mecca found it hard to maintain their dignity and authority. After mutual consultation of the dignitaries of Quresh, a team was sent to Mohammed's uncle Abu Talib, which complained that his nephew reviled their gods. He criticized the traditions of their forefathers. They further said that he declared them stupid and considered their forefathers misled. Abu Talib should either stop him from such actions or cease his support to him.

Yet Hazrat Mohammed continued the propagation of his faith and never relented condemning the falsehood. The citizen of Mecca could not stand this attitude and they visited Abu Talib again. They told his uncle in forceful terms to ask Hazrat Mohammed to desist from doing what he was doing or they would fight against him till death.

Abu Talib was much worried about his orphan nephew and tried to make him understand the critical situation. When Hazrat Mohammed heard Meccans, insistence that he should give up preaching his faith, he categorically said, "By God, if they put sun on my right hand and the moon on the left and wish that I give up the preaching of God, I would never accept this. I shall continue to preaching God until His message is spread 'every where even if I have to sacrifice my life for this struggle."

When Abu Talib saw this enthusiasm on the part of his nephew he said, "You carry on your work. I would never withdraw my support for you." Soon the Pilgrimage season arrived. The Quresh feared that Mohammed would preach his new religion to the new delegations. So they made every effort to stop this. They met at their parliament house known as " Dar-ul-Nadwa". Actually it was a beautiful palace beside the Holy Ka'aba. Whenever Quresh had to do some important work, they would meet at this palace for consultations. Waleed Bin Mugeera presided over the meeting. Some participants suggested that Hazrat Mohammed should be declared a mad person and others called him soothsayer. Still others called him a poet. But Waleed Bin Mugeera did not agree to any such proposals. Then every one asked his suggestion. He proposed that Hazrat Mohammed should be called "a magician". So it was decided that people would be deputed at every entry point to Mecca. They would tell the pilgrims not to believe Hazrat Mohammed the magician who was there and who seprates son from father, wife from husband and created dissention among the family members. So they should avoid him under all circumstances. Quran described this meeting in this way:-     

For he thought and he determined; And woe to him! How he determined; yea, woe to him; how he determined! Then he reflected; Then he frowned and he scowled; Then he turned back and was haughty; Then said he, " This is nothing but magic, derived from old; "This is nothing but the word of mortal!"  (Al Mudasir, 18-24)

Abu Lahib was a leader in this move. He pursued Mohammed everywhere even up to his dwelling, streets of Aqaaz-o-Majnoo and Zuljammar (The names of markets of Mecca). Wherever he started preaching Abu Lahib shouted and told the people not to believe Mohammed. When people went back after performing the Hajj, they came to know that Hazrat Mohammed had claimed to be the messenger of God and he in this way was fully publicized in the whole Arab. And all the schemes of the infidels failed. When the infidels of Mecca saw their plans bearing no fruit, the preaching of Islam becoming popular and people becoming more and more aware of teachings of Islam. They deputed Abu Bin Aqba, the cleverest chieftain to tempt Hazrat Mohammed and dissuade him from his actions. Aqba approached Hazrat Mohammed and said, "Dear nephew, you are nobler than us. You called our forefathers false and uncivilized. Tell us what you want? If you are doing this for money then we will give you a lot of money and you will  become the richest person of Mecca. If you want to become the chief of our tribe, then we are ready to accept you as a chief of the Quresh. If you wish to marry, we would marry you with the most beautiful girl of Mecca. If you are under the influence of some supernatural power, we shall arrange a physician who will cure you of this ill". In reply to the long lecturer given by Aqba, Hazrat Mohammed recited the Surah "Ha Meem As-Sajda". Aqba listened it and was struck dumb and then he went back to his people. The infidels said this is when they saw Aqba coming  back, "By God, he does not look that kind of person be set out". Aqba told," today I have heard the Holy speech which I never heard before in my life. By God, that was not poetry, not magic and nor astrology. I advise you not to hurt him. The holy speech, which I heard would soon, have its effect. Follow my point and let him carry on. If the Arabs defeat him, your work would be done by someone else, but if he overcomes them his honor would be our honor because he belongs to our tribe". People stared at him astonishingly and though that Aqba was spellbound by Hazrat Mohammed. One day the dignitaries of Quresh came and gave a proposal to Hazrat Mohammed who was circumambulating the Holy Ka'aba, "O, Mohammed! We would worship your God and you worship our god. We would be the same in this way". It was also suggested to Hazrat Mohammed that the Quresh would worship Allah one year and Mohammed shall worship their gods the next year. On  this occasion the Surah "Al-Kafirun" descended. When any trick of the Quresh did not work, they started adopting other ways of  getting rid of the preaching of Hazrat Mohammed. The Quran referred to the attempts of the infidels at many places. "They say:' O, thou to whom the message is being revealed! Truly thou art mad (or possessed)! (Al-Hajar-6).

So they wonder that a Warner has come to them from among themselves! And the unbelievers say, "This is a scorcerer". (SAD-4)

"And the unbelievers would almost trip thee up with their eyes when they hear the Message: and they say: "Surely he is possessed!" (Al-Qalam-51)

"Thus did We test some of them by others, that they should say: "Is it these than that Allah hath favoured from amongst us? " Doth not Allah knows best those who are grateful?"     (Al-Inam-53)

"Those in sin used to laugh at thos who believed, And whenever they passed by them, used to wink at each other (in mockery); And when they returned to their own people, they would return jesting; And whenever they saw them, they would say, "Behold! these are the people truly astray!" But they had not been sent as Keepers over them!    (Al-Muffifeen-29-33)

And they say; "Tales of the ancients, which he has caused to be written: and they are dedicated before him morning and evening."  (Al-Furqan-5)

But the Misbelievers say: "Naught is this but a lie, which he has forged, and other have helped at it ". In truth it is they who have put forward an iniquity and a falsehood.  (Al-Furqan-4)

And marks and sign-posts; and by the stars (men) guide themselves.  (Al-Nahal-16)

And they say;" When sort of messenger is this, who eats food, and walks through the streets? why has not an angel been sent down to him to give admonition with him?"   (Al-Furqan-7)

(Oppression Movement)

The attempts of the non-believers were not proving successful. They were much perplexed by this situation. At last a committee consisting of 25 dignitaries of Quresh was formed. The committee was headed by Abu Lahib. It was decided that no effort would be spared to suppress Islam, causing every harm to the messenger of Islam. And all attempts would be made to stop the preaching of Islam.

The hostility of Abu-Lahib was on the extreme when Hazrat Abdullah, the son of Hazrat Mohammed died. Abu Lahib ran towards his friends with joy and conveyed the news that Mohammed had been deprived of his last son:                 Al-Quran consoles Mohammed in this way: To thee have We granted the Abundance. Therefore to thy Lord turn in Prayer and make Sacrifice. For he who hateth thee, -He will be cut off (From future hope). (Al-Kausar)

One day Hazrat Mohammed was busy in the worship of Allah in the Holy Ka'aba. Abu Jahel reached there with his mates. Abu jahel had with him dirty camel tripe filled with blood and filth. The Arab had a bizarre way of inflicting death on people. Tripe replete with filth and blood was used to cover a person's head to suffocate him. This caused an immediate death to the person. that day Abu- Jahel and his cronies came with the aim of killing Hazrat Mohammed by camel tripe. When Abu-Jahel and his fellowmen entered Mecca, Hazrat Mohammed was engrossed in his worship having no idea of what was going on around him. Abu Jahel advanced to cover the dace of Hazrat Mohammed with camel tripe. But he did not succeed in his mission. As Hazrat Mohammed realized that something has been thrust on his neck, he got up and tried to free himself but failed.

The other people, who were there, watched him trying to get rid of the tripe. They felt that Hazrat Mohammed would soon die due to suffocation. When they saw him in this pathetic condition, they thought of removing the tripe but they were scared and knew that if they helped Hazrat Mohammed, they would invite trouble for themselves.

A lady belonging to the Quresh family who was present at that time could not stand that terrifying scene. She ran towards Hazrat Mohammed's home and informed his daughter Hazrat Ruqeeia of what she had seen. Hazrat Ruqeeia immediately rushed to the Ka'aba. When Abu Jahel and his fellowmen saw Hazrat Ruqeeia coming towards them, they turned back. Hazrat Ruqeeia quickly removed the tripe from the face of Hazrat Mohammed. Due to suffocation Hazrat Mohammed remained inert at least for an hour. He afterwards stood up with the help of his daughter and slowly walked towards his home. At home his daughter wiped off the blood & filth from his face and changed his dress. Hazrat Ruqeeia washed her father's clothes. The next day Hazrat Mohammed went to  the Ka'aba without any fear and was busy in his worship again. This time another man named Aqba tried to attack him when he was in the posture of worship. The attack was so severe that his nose and mouth started bleeding. Aqba thought that he would succeed in killing Hazrat Mohammed. But actually he could not succeed in his motive. Nevertheless, Hazrat Mohammed was seriously injured.

The name of Abu Lahib's wife was "Arva". She was the daughter of Abu Sufyan. She was very active in creating pitfalls for Hazrat Mohammed. Due to her vicious activities against the Prophet,  Surah Lahib descended. When she was informed that verses had descended in condemnation of her, she reached Ka'aba in search of Hazrat Mohammed. Hazrat Abu Bakar was also present at that time. She dashed towards Hazrat Abu Bakar and inquired about Hazrat Mohammed. She told that she had been informed that Hazrat Mohammed talked ill of her. She wanted to throw stones on him. After much hue & cry she went away. Hazrat Abu Bakar inquired of Hazrat Mohammed as to why she could not see him? Hazrat Mohammed replied that Allah made her temporarily blind. 

Umyia Bin Khulf was the member of Abu Lahib's team. He always taunted and swore at Hazrat Mohammed. In the Quran, Surah "HUMAZA" describes him in this way:

Woe to every (kind of) scandalmonger and backbiter.

Akhnas Bin Shareeq was also a trouble creater for Hazrat Mohammed. The Quran referred to his wickedness in the Surah Qalam,

Obey not every mean, - swearer A slanderer, going about with calumnies, (Habitually) hindering (all) goods, transgressing bounds deep in sin, Violent (and cruel), - with that , of a doubtful birth.   (Al-Qalam 10-13)

(The infidels and Friends of Messenger)

The problems created by the infidels of Mecca continued in the face of highly excellent behavior of Hazrat Mohammed towards them. Mohammed was still protected and backed by his uncle. The details of the troubles faced by Muslims especially the weak are dreadful and agonizing.

Whenever any one powerful and respectable embraced Islam, Abu Lahib would just disgrace him. But when a weaker person did so he would either kill him or incite other people against him to do so.

When Hazrat Usman became Muslim, his uncle tried to suffocate him. Museb accepted Islam, they disinherited him and turned him out. He was in such a miserable condition that his skin came off.

Hazrat Umer Bin Yasir was the slave of Banu Makzoom. He and his family died due to the extreme oppression of the infidels simply because they accepted Islam. Heavy stones were put on their chest and were dragged on rocky land in the scorching heat and some times they were dipped in water. The infidels threatened them not to say anything against their pagan gods failing which they would kill them. Hazrat Ammar was forced to disobey Hazrat Mohammed. When he went to Hazrat Mohammed these verses descended:

Any one who, after accepting faith in Allah Utters unbelief, - except under compulsion, his heart remaining firm in Faith- but such as opened their breast to Unbelief, - on them is Wrath from Allah, and theirs will be a dreadful chastisement. (Al-Nahal 106)

Hazrat Umer was martyred due to cruelty on the part of non-believers. His mother, Hazrat Samiea, was the first martyred lady of Islam. Abu Jahel killed her with a spear. Hazrat Khbab Bin Urrat was the slave of Uma-e-Nar. His masters belonged to Kuzia tribe. This would put heavy stones on his body, which he lay prostrate on the burning coal. They tore his hair & twisted his neck in a painful way.

Hazrat Faqeeh called Aflaj was the slave of Bani Abdular. He was dragged on the ground with a string tied to his feet.

Hazrat Umer belonged to Bani Eadi tribe. A maidservant of this tribe became Muslim. By that time, Hazrat Umer had not accepted Islam. He beat her so much that he himself got tired and decided to released her, as he could not torture her any more.

The polytheists put the companions of Hazrat Mohammed in the scorching heat wrapped in camel & cow skins. Some companions of Hazrat Mohammed were forced to wear chains. They were also put on hot burnt coal or stones.

When Bilal Habshi accepted Islam, three things were considered misfortunes in the Arab culture: firstly, being stranger, secondly being slave and thirdly being blackish. Hazrat Bilal had all these drawbacks. When his owner came to know that Bilal accepted Islam, he took him out of Mecca and put him on hot sand under the sun. He tied his hands and feet, laid him on the ground with a heavy stone on his chest and asked him to give up Islam otherwise he would stay in that condition till his death. Hazrat Bilal knew that his owner would carry out his threat and would not free his hand and feet. Yet he preferred death rather than giving up his religion Islam, and was ready to meet death. In the meantime Abdullah Bin Usman known as Abu Bakar reached there. He wished to free Hazrat Bilal and offered to pay money for his freedom. When the owner of Hazrat Bilal realized that Abu Bakar had offered a reasonable price, he was prepared to sell him out. Hazrat Abu Bakar bought Bilal Habshi and set him free immediately. Two ladies, who were maidservants of Hazrat Umer, accepted Islam. One of them was "Labeena" and the other was "Zuneerah". Hazrat Umer was also a callous person like Bilal's owner. He ordered them to be whipped till death if they chose note to for sake Islam. In spite of the fact that the two ladies were profusely bleeding as a result of this punishment, they refused to give up their faith. However, again Abu Bakar came to their rescue and had them freed after making due payment for their freedom.

The fourth lady named Gazia, who accepted Islam, was nomadic yet, not a maidservant. When she came to Mecca and accepted Islam, she started preaching this religion openly. The Bedouin ladies were daring and fearless like Bedouin men. So she was not scared of the threats by the Quresh. When the Quresh saw that Gazia was not to abandon preaching at any cost, they abducted her in an out going caravan and tied her on a camel. The leader of the caravan was ordered not to provide her with food or water even if she is dead. When she is dead, her body may throw in the desert to decay and decompose. Hazrat Gazia told them that she had become too frail due to hunger and thirst for three days. But they did not pay any heed to her miserable condition. The fourth day she felt moisture of cold water automatically. She seemed to drink water to her satisfaction. The craven was fully sure that she would die due to prolong hunger and thirst, yet much to the surprise of all she was as fresh as ever. Then she told them what had happened the previous night. The people of the caravan felt ashamed of their actions and released her with full honor and respect. When the maidservant of Abu Jahel named, Samiea, accepted Islam, Abu Jahel ordered her to give up her new religion. Samiea replied that she could not give up the religion of Hazrat Mohammed. Abu Jahel started whipping this innocent maidservant in anger. As a result of this she collapsed. When Abu Bakar was informed about this incident, he went to Abu Jahel's home saw Samiea lying down senseless on the floor. Abu Bakar said that he wanted to purchase that maidservant. Abu Jahel answered that he did not want to sell her. Hazrat Abu Bakar offered that if he is ready to sell her he would pay one hundred dinars to him. Abu jahel shouted that he would not sell her. Hazrat Abu Bakar continued increasing her price and offered one hundred and fifty dinars to pay. But Abu Jahel remained stubborn and told that he would not sell her. Hazrat Abu BAkar continued increasing the price but Abu Jahel kept turning down all offers. Hazrat Abu Bakar, who had spent all his wealth for the sake of Islam, saw that Abu Jahel was not ready to sell her at any cost. Then Abu Bakar presented a new idea. He said that if he sold Samiea to him he would give him "Abla Aqzia". Abla Qazia is a typical Arabic term. It was used for camels, which were given as compensation to the dependants. "Abla Qazia" is actually a blood money which is given to the victim's heirs. Abu Jahel was not ready to sell his maidservant because he had a deep-rooted malice against Hazrat Mohammed. Hazrat Abu Bakar, who had until that day freed six persons including four ladies and two men, failed to secure the freedom of Hazrat Samiea. When the females of the Quresh heard that Samiea was whipped everday by Abu Jahel and yet she was not ready to leave Islam, they went to Abu Jahel with a request to stop persecuting her because she had helped so many Quresh ladies. But Abu Jahel turned down their request. He whipped her so much that she bleed profusely. She was unable to move yet she reiterated that she would never give up her religion. One day he took her to Mecca. All the residents of Mecca had gathered there. Abu Jahel inquired her again about giving up her religion. She categorically answered,  "She will never forsake the religion of Hazrat Mohammed". Abu Jahel shouted in anger and said that he would kill her there. After that he drove his lance into her chest as a result of which she died instantly. Hazrat Samiea was the first martyr of Islam. When Hazrat Mohammed was informed about the struggle, which Hazrat Abu Bakar made for the freedom of Samiea, he prayed for him.

(Lord keep Brightness of your face)

After the martyrdom of Hazrat Samiea, the head of Quresh including Abu Sufyan, Abu Lahib and his wife Uma-e-Jameel imposed a ban that no one would sell their slaves or maidservants to Hazrat Abu Bakar. They were aware that Islam was becoming popular among the poor especially in the slaves. Whenever a slave accepted Islam, Hazrat Abu Bakar bought him and then freed him. When persons belonging to respectable families including Hazrat Usman Bin Uffan, the nephew of Hazrat Abdul Mutilib, Hazrat Abdul Rehman Bin Umroo became Muslims, their strength increased. The Quresh were seriously afraid of this development. the new Muslims were powerful, respectable and well known in Mecca. So the Quresh devised new techniques to create troubles for them.

The life of Hazrat Mohammed was always in danger when he was out of home. The vagabonds were incited to attack Hazrat Mohammed on his way to the Ka'aba. They pelted him with stones and threw filth on his clothes. The enmity against Hazrat Mohammed was so intensified that his enemies even disregarded the norms of the Ka'aba which were to be observed in all circumstances. Both murder attempt on Hazrat Mohammed were made in the Ka'aba and the first Muslim was also assassinated in Ka'aba, which was considered to be a sanctuary.

One day Hazrat Mohammed was coming back to his home from the Ka'aba. The Quresh pelted him with stones. He was seriously injured and fell down. Due to this, he couldn't go to the Ka'aba. That day when other Muslims went to the Ka'aba, they were informed that Hazrat Mohammed could not reach the Ka'aba. So they started their prayer without Hazrat Mohammed. They were also subjected to a fatal attack, when they were in prayer. As a result of that attack, may Muslims were seriously injured. Hazrat Harris who was the son of Hazrat Khateeja and the step son of Hazrat Mohammed was martyred in the Ka'aba. After that the Quresh regularly guarded the Holy Ka'aba so that the followers of Hazrat Mohammed could be kept away from entering the Ka'aba. When Hazrat Mohammed realized that he and his companions could not worship in the Ka'aba, he decided to leave Mecca. The selected a place there, which was rather safe. Hazrat Mohammed visited this place along with his companions at least twice a day to offer prayer.

One of the adversaries of Hazrat Mohammed was Abu Sufyan, his foster brother. He was the bitterest enemy of Hazrat Mohammed. Abu Sufyan was convinced that the potential danger to the Quresh could be averted only if Hazrat Mohammed is put to death. Hazrat Abu Zur Gafarri was the most respectable companion of Hazrat Mohammed and the devoted follower of the messenger of Islam. He belonged to the tribe called Gaffar. This tribe was among the nomadic Arabs that corruptions of all kinds were banned for four months every year. These months were considered to be the most sacred for all. Any attack on visitors of the Ka'aba was also prohibited. But the people of the Ghaffar tribe did not follow these traditions. they attacked visitors of the Ka'aba even during the sacred months. Once in the month of Zeqad (Islamic moth), the people of the tribe attacked a caravan and robbed them all of their goods. Men, women and children with the caravan were also killed. At that time Hazrat Abu Zur Ghaffari had not accepted Islam but felt so ashamed that he dissociated himself from his tribe. He reached Mecca after wandering about  in the desert. Here Abu Zur Ghafarri was told Hazrat Mohammed called his people to one God advised them to give up evil deeds and leave polytheism. Abu Zur decided to meet Hazrat Mohammed. He inquired of the traveler about the residence of Hazrat Mohammed. The man surprisingly looked at Abu Zur and shouted, "O, People come here, catch him and kill him because he is a Muslim and is now in our custody." In a moment all the people attacked him and he ran away to save his life. But the Quresh did not allow him to leave and they started pelting him with stones. As a result of this he collapsed. the Meccans thought that he was dead and left him there. Hazrat Abu Bakar was informed about all this. Under cover of darkness and with the help of some other Muslims, he took him away. Later on, it was known that Abu Zur was not a Muslim but he just wanted to see Hazrat Mohammed. After that Abu Zur was the leading member of the Muslims. He was instrumental in converting all his tribesmen to Islam. His tribe, which lived on plundering only gave up this conduct forever. This incident shows that Meccans were so much opposed to Hazrat Mohammed that if only one mentioned his name, they turned against him. If someone inquired about Hazrat Mohammed's address, they considered him a Muslim or one who wanted to become Muslim. Thus the Meccans started pestering them in all possible ways.

 

(Virtuous People)

One day, when people were pelting Hazrat Mohammed with stones incited by Abu Jahel. One person, who watched all this, went to Hazrat Mohammed's uncle "Hamza" who was famous wrestler of that time. At that time Hazrat Hamza was coming back after hunting. The man addressed him, "O, Hamza! you are one of the bravest people around. How can you tolerate the insult caused to your nephew?" Until then Hazrat Hamza had no interest in the religion of Hazrat Mohammed. But when he heard that people pelted him with stones, tortured and ridiculed him, he became involved. He inquired many people as to what were the problems his nephew was subjected to. He was particularly told of indecent language, which was used for him. When Hazrat Hamza heard all this he was extremely touched.

Arabs gave great importance to the language uttered to someone. It was an affront to associate the name of one's relative with indecent language. The insult to a single person was considered an insult to the whole tribe. The logic was that, all the people of a tribe were blood related with each other. Hazrat Hamza went to Abu Jahel's home very angry indeed. He knew that Abu Jahel was the leader of those who pelted Hazrat Mohammed with stones and used rude language for him. He beat Abu Jahel severely and warned him not to think that Hazrat Mohammed was alone and helpless. He further told him that he had embraced Islam. If any body in future dared to confront Hazrat Mohammed, he would be in deep trouble.

The incident of embracing Islam by Hazrat Hamza was a great incident in the history of Islam, as Hamza was considered among the dignitaries of Mecca. After this, many other people accepted Islam. And the member of Muslims had increased to thirty. The people of the Quresh became more worried to see the growth of Islam in this way. They gathered in Dar-ul-Nadwa (the parliament of Quresh) and started consulting as to how could they suppress the religion of Hazrat Mohammed. But they could not find any viable solution. When the session of the Dar-ul-Nadwa ended, Umer Bin KHatab announced that he would alone free the whole of Mecca from the spell of Hazrat Mohammed by killing him. Naeem Bin Abdullah saw Umer going hurriely and said to him, "O, Umer! Where are you going?" Umer replied, " No body insulted our forefathers but Hazrat Mohammed, His new religion has disturbed the peace of the whole Mecca. He called our forefathers misled. He asks us to give up the worship of our gods. I am going to kill him now." Naeem told" O Umer! Two of your close kinsmen have accepted Islam. The first, is your sister Fatima and the second her husband Saeed Bin Aad". When Umer entered their home, he saw his sister Fatima and her husband reciting the Holy Quran. Umer burst into anger and he beat them both, he ordered his sister to give up the religion of Hazrat Mohammed. Fatima replied, "you can whip me until I die but I would not give up this true religion. If you yourself recite Quran you will also understand who real the true this religion is". Umer asked her sister's husband to recite the Quran. He recited some verses of Surah TA-Ha;

TA -HA 

We have not sent down the Quran to thee to be (an occasion) for thy distress. But only as an admonition to those who fear (Allah)- A revelation from Him who created the earth the heavens on high. The most Gracious is firmly established on the throne. To Him belongs what is in the heavens and on earth, and all between them and all beneath the soil. If thou pronounce the word aloud, (it is no matter):

For verily He knoweth what is secret and what is yet more hidden.

Allah! there is no god but He! To him belong the most beautiful Names.

Was the story of Moses reached thee?

Behold, he saw a fire: so he said to his family, "Tarry yea; I perceive a fire: perhaps I can bring you some burning brand there from, or find some quidance at the fire."

But when he came to the fire, He was called" O Moses!

Verily I am thy Lord! Therefore put off thy shoes: thou art in the sacred valley Tuwa.

"I have chosen "thee:listen, then to the inspiration( given to thee).

Verily, Iam Allah: there is no god but I: So serve thou Me (only), and establish regular prayer for my remembrance ( 1-14 TA- HA)

When Hazrat Umer listened the Quran, he began to wonder about the Quran seriously. Eventually he asked his relatives to take him to Hazrat Mohammed. Hazrat Umer decided to become Muslim. Hazrat Khubab, who was also there said, "O, Umer! Be happy. Hazrat Mohammed had prayed for you. And that prayer has been accepted. " Hazrat Mohammed prayed for Hazrat Umer that:

"Oh Omnipotent! My job to make effort while you alone can g ive success. Grant the light of faith to one of these great opponents of Islam, Hazrat Umer Bin Khatab or Umer Bin Hasham (Abu Jahel) so that Muslims feel emboldened".

The door of Dar-ul-Raqam was knocked. Dar-ul-Raqam  was the house of Urqam Bin Abi-ul-Urqam at "koh-a-Sufa", which was declared by Hazrat Mohammed on the 5th year of his Profithood, as the headquarter of Muslims for preaching activities. One of Hazrat Mohammed's associates looked at the door. Hazrat Mohammed was informed about presence of Hazrat Umer. Hazrat Hamza who had became Muslim three years before said, " open the door. If he has approached us for goodness, we shall reciprocate with goodness and if he has come with evil designs, then we will kill him with his own sword". When Hazrat Umer accepted Islam every one was overjoyed and they shouted together "Nara--Takbeer" (repetition of words Allah-O-Akbar). the people who were present in the Holy Ka'aba heard the slogans. 

Hazrat Umer organized the companions of Hazrat Mohammed in two formations. One was headed by Hazrat Hamza and the other by Hazrat Umer. All of them moved towards the Holy Ka'aba under the command of Hazrat Mohammed. When they saw the messenger of God with Umer and Hamza going out with confidence. They wept, and cried. On this occasion Hazrat Mohammed conderred upon Hazrat Umer the title of " Farooq" (distinguisher of right and wrong).

After accepting Islam Hazrat Umer went to Abu Jahel's home. Abu Jahel came out and wished to hear good news as he expected. Abu Jahel said," Well come, Umer, well come, how did you come?" Hazrat Umer replied, " I have come here to inform you that I believe in Allah and his messenger, Hazrat Mohammed. And whatever Hazrat Mohammed has brought, I have verified that,". On hearing this all hopes of Abu Jahel were dashed to the ground. And he shut the door and said, "God will disgrace you and whatever you have done is a disgrace". When Jameel Bin Momer, a notorious town heralder heard about the acceptance of Islam by Hazrat Umer, he shouted that the son of Khatab had turned non-believer. Hazrat Umer was following him and told the people that the former was telling a lie. " I have become a Muslim", said Hazrat Umer. Though Hazrat Umer was one of the most powerful, honorable and respectful members of the city a number of his own people attacked him in anger. Hazrat Umer also retaliated. Hazrat Umer told the people that if the Muslims were just as many as three hundred things would be entirely different and the whole of Mecca would be under their sway.

The enemies of Hazrat Umer were afraid of taking any step against him individually. They gathered in-groups and attacked Hazrat Umer's hous to kill him. Abu Umro Ass Bin Vile Sehami, who belonged to the tribe of Seham, an ally of Hazrat Umer, came to Hazrat Umer. Hazrat Umer told the incident of his accepting Islam and how other people had turned against him on this account. When Umro Bin Ass heard this, he came out and told the people that the son of Khatab, who had become Muslim, was under his protection. Therefore, no body could harm him. Thus all the people went back totally dismayed by this reaction.                   

(The Court of King Najashi)

In the early days of Islam, there were two personalities who made tremendous sacrifice for the sake of Islam, One was Hazrat Khateeja and the other was Hazrat Abu Bakar. Before Islam, both were considered the richest among the Meccans. But when they left this world, they were totally empty-handed, as they had sacrificed all their wealth for Islam. When Hazrat Umer Bin Khatab became Muslim, he invited all his kinsmen to Islam. Many persons of his tribe, "Bani Eddi" also accepted Islam. When the Quresh saw this expansion of Islam they were quite worried. They thought that they could not caused any direct physical harm to Hazrat Mohammed because he had an alternative, they started a social boycott of Muslims. The infidels banned any trade with Muslims. Intermarriages were discouraged. The situation as such was very intolerable. The newly Muslims had to face all these hardships and adverse conditions. In veiw of this, Hazrat Mohammed decided to stay himself in Mecca, and sent some other Muslims to Abyssinia. The king of Abyssinia (Hubsha) was not opposed to people having different faith. In Abyssinia, there was almost complete freedom for following any religion. The Musllims, who migrated to Abyssinia were:

1- Jaffar Bin Abu Talib and his wife Asma. Abu Talib had two sons. Hazrat Ali, the first , was brought up under the supervision of Hazrat Mohammed, and the second was Hazrat Jaffar who was brought up by Hazrat Mohammed's uncle, Abbas.

2- Hazrat Usman Bin Uffan was the son in law of Hazrat Mohamed and was the husband of Hazrat Ruqeeia. Hazrat Ruqeeia was the daughter of Hazrat Mohammed. When Abu Lahib's son divorced her, she was married to Hazrat Usman.

3- Zubair Bin Aloom, Abdullah Bin Masood, Abdur Rehman Bin Aouf, Abu Hazeefa Sohela daughter of Sohail Bin Umer, Amir Bin RAbeea and his wife Laila Binte Abu Khusia, Hatib Bin Umer, Sohail Bin BAzia, Museb Bin Umair, Abu Muslima and his wife Ume Salma Binte Umyia, Usman Bin Mazoon. 

These persons left Mecca in small groups and reached the sea beach. They set out on a boat to Abyssinia. This was the first group , which traveled to Abyssinia. When Muslims reached the capital of Abyssinia, Hazrat Asma, the wife of Hazrat Jaffar gave birth to a child. The same day a child was born to Najashi, the kind of Abyssinia. Asma voluntarily offered the kind nourishing of his son. According to the traditions of Arab, the son of Hazrat Jaffar Bin Abu Talib and the son of Najashi became foster brothers. After the first successful migration of Muslims, the second group also went to Abyssinia. On the whole, a bout 109 Muslims reached Abyssinia. All of them reached there by boat. When the Quresh found out that some Muslims had traveled to Abyssinia, they sent a delegation consisting of Umroo Bin Allas and Amar Bin WAleed, to Abyssinia with the mission to compel the king of Abyssinia to hand over the muslims to them.

The Arab Delegation told the king that the people who had come under his protection had condemned their forefathers and criticized them severely. They also called their religion utterly false. These people would do the same in Abyssinia. So it would be better for the king to send them back to Mecca. On hearing this version, the king of Abyssinia called the Muslims in his court and asked them reason for leaving Mecca.

Hazrat Jaffar Bin Abu Talib explained, " O, king! We were worshiper of idols previously; we did not feel any shame in do so. We oppressed the poor and the weak. It was in this situation that Hazrat Mohammad was born. He guided us to one God who is one and absolute. He taught us not to worship idols. Now we abstain from evil deeds and avoid doing any harm to weak and poor. We belive him. O, king! these people consider stones their Gods. They are harsh and hard on the weak. They created trouble for our messenger and pelted him with stones".